Gas turbine



Jun 5, 1928. I 1,672,529

I H. HOLZWARTH GAS TURBINE Filed Aug. 25, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 5, 1928. 1,672,529

. H. HOLZWARTH GAS TURBINE Filed Aug. 25, 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IIIIIIIIIIIIII W/mfss v INVENTOR 75 Y Wm; #04 zM/Pm A TTORNEYS accessible and which Y definingits limits, section of the r to the rotor wheel 9.

a the air' chamber 13 and Patented-June 5, 1928.

u iTso "STATES P T NTorF ca ms' nonzwnn'rn,

Burned,- or sex manor Application fled August 5Z8 invention has for its object to, and novel "construction ass-warms I c or amnnnm, GERMANY, assrenon 'ro nonzwaai'n one runcnnmonma, a conrom'rron or nnnawaan 1921, serial ll'o. 494,041, and in a e, April so,

relates to gas turbines and I ing devices whereby the explosion chambers are secured in position are easily and readily includes a novel ar-- rangement for absorbing strains iyesulting from the expansionof the explosioncham bers from "the effects of the heat My invention will therein.

enerated ully de scribed hereinafter and the features of novelty will be pointed out in the appended,

' In the accompanying drawing,

trates an example of my invent as turbine, and

the section along some of the valve As shown in the drawing, the

which illusionwithout Fig. 1 represents an axial Fig. 2 shows the line 2-2 of Fig. 1,

bodies bingomitted.

as turbine comprisesa nozzle casing 5 in w 'ch aplurality of nozzle channels 6 are located. at spaced intervals and each communicating at one end with a nozzle 7. The n ozzles 7 are mounted on'the casing 5 in operativelpositions with respect to the buckets 8 ofa turbine rotor 9, which'may'be of any smtable and well known construction the axis of the rotor bein 'horizontal in the example illustrated. vim seats 10 are formed in the nozzle channels. 6 and are controlled. by valves 11, as shown. The lateral surface of the casing 5 in which the nels 6 are situated, and facing toward the right in mouthsof the chanwhich is shown as Fig. 1, is parallel The turbine further comprises a second casing 12 which is located at a distance from the nozzle casing 5,

preferably in parallel relation thereto, and

has a surface opposite to,

and distant from,

the above mentioned surface of the nozzle casing. This second casing 12 with continuous air chamber 13 0 ing in an a source of gasoline or chamber l'islocated shownin the drawing, ing provided at spaced is provided ommumcatconvenient manner with a source chamwith. Q

15 for the compressed air and the fuel chamber bein likewise provided at spaced intervals wit outlets 16 for the fuel under presthe second casing force openingl sure. Hollow--valve'b0dies'17 are mounted rotation between. theair and fuel chambers at spaced intervals, and each valve body 17 is) coordinated to one channel 6 and is divided into an'air compartment 18, the outlet of which is controlled by a valve 19, and a fuel compartment'20, the outlet of which is controlled by Yalve 20. It will be runderstoo i provide a simplified to'slide in a direction parallel to the axis of in which the fastenthat each of the compartments 18 and 20.

thereof communicate respectively air chamber 13 it being understood that the with the" air in the chamber l3 and the fuel in the chamber 14 are maintained therein under suitable pressures. Explosion chambers 21 arelocated between the nozzle casing5 and 12 and have one end idly secured by suitable fastening devices 22 to the nozzle casing 5 so as to communicate with the, nozzle channels thereof, and the other end rigidly fastened by means of suite able fastening devices 23 to the valve bodies 17 sons to communicate with the outlets of the compartments 18 and'20. i

-The operation of the engine may be carried out in the customary manner, it being understood thatthe turbine includes suitable igniting devices and controlling means in the.

usual way which, because of the fact that they form no part of the present invention, have not been illustrated. In practice, the

air inlet 'valve 19 is actuated to admit a char e of compressed air to the explosion cham r 121 to scavenge the same, after which the, fuel inlet valve 20 is actuated to admit a suppl of fuel to said explosion chamber in or er to combine the same with the air in said chamber to form an explosive mixture therein. This, mixture is ignited at the proper time, the resulting explosive eifectthroug the channels Band nozz e 7 upon the buckets 8 of the rotor 9 and consequently revolving the latter u Itwill be understood that the ascribed operationtakes place in sequence in successive explosion chambers 21 sothat-while the opthin eration in each explosion chamber is intersuccessive explosions in a is substantialthe rotor of the gas tur-' mittent,the efi'ect of successive explosion chambers ly constant upon bine.- As the explosion chambers expand under the'efiects of the in, the strains and stresses exerted by such the valve 11' and exertin its on its axis.'

heat generated them sion chambers;

the additional advantage that the fastening expansion will be communicated to the valve bodies 17 and will cause the same to shift axially and adjust themselves accordingly in the second casing 12. In this way the strains resulting from such heat expansion are absorbed and accordingly are-not communicatedharmfully to either the nozzle casing or the second casing, as the case may be.

. It will be,understoodthat suitable provision a an explosion chamber extending, and

may be made to prevent valve bodies 17 and the of the valve casing.

In addition to the advantages resulting leakage between the contiguous portions from the neutralizing of strains and stresses due to thephysi'cal expansion'of the ex lothe arrangement provides means whereby the opposite ends of said explosion chambers are secured to the nod- .zlecasing and the second casing respectively are readily accessible when, for any purpose, this is desired. Furthermore, with the improved construction it is possible to fix-- edly attach the nozzle casing and the sec ond casing with the main frame 24, these two elements, that is, the second casing,

major or largest elements ina having a horizontal shaft. In t is, way, it

the nozzle casing and is possible to construct the gas turbine having-a horizontal shaft in a simple and efli-r cient manner in which all parts remain eas ily accessible and in which strains resulting fromthe expansion of material due to generated' heat are neutralized and absorbed.

)Var'io'us changes in the specific form shown and described may be made within thescope of the claims'without departingfrom the spirit of my invention.

ing fixedly attached to said frame and provided with an opening spaced from, and located o posite to-said'mouth, a chamber for the com ustion media provided insaid second casing in communication with said 0 ening,

a communication between said opening and said mouth, and fasteningnieans for detacha mouth in said surface,

representing the twov as turbine j orming neg/2,539

ably securing the-oppositaends of the explosion chamber in position. 9 v

axis the combinationcomprising a turbine wheel, a main. gframe, a'casing'fixedly at tached thereto and having a surface parallel 2. In a gas turbine having a horizontal to said wheel, a nozzle mounted on said casing inoperative position and circumferenr.

tially disposed with respect to said wheel,

said casing being. provided with a channel communicating with said nozzle and having said casing to control said channel, a second being provided in said second surface and coordinated to said mouth, a chamber for the combustlon med a in said second casing, communicating wlth said opening, an explosion chamber extending between and communicating with said opening and said mouth, and. fastening means accessible in the space between said two surfaces for-securing the opposite ends of the explosion .chamber against a displacement parallel to saidsurfaces.

'3 In a gas turbine, a turbine wheel hav mg a horizontal axis,'a main frame, a casing fixedly attached thereto and'provided with i a channel having a lateral mouth, a nozzle supported said casing and communicating I with said channel, asecond casing fixedly a valve mounted in casing fixedly attached to said main frame and havinga surface 0 posite to, and distant from, said first name surfa'ce,'an openlng attached to said frame and dividedinto an air chamber and a fuel chamber, a yalve body slidablymounted in said second casing, said valve body being coordinated to, and located opposite to saidmouth, adapted to slide in a direction towards and; from the" same, and dividedinto compartments communicatin'g'withsaid chambers, an outlet being provided in each compartment, valves arranged in saidvalve body to control said tween said valve body and said coordinated mouth and communicating with said mouth and the outlets of the compartments of said outlets, an explosion'chamber extending bei 1 valve body, and fastening means for attaching the opposite ends of said explosion chamber to the first named casin and the coordinatedv'alve body respective y.

my hand. i a

. HOLZWAR'IH.

ion In testimony whereof I have hereunto set 

